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# Australia Economy

> Australia economic indicators: GDP $1.80T, inflation 3.5%, unemployment 4.5%, policy rate 4.3%. 40 official series with history to 1957,… Updated Aug 2026.

## Indicators

| Indicator | Last | Date | Previous | Highest | Lowest |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Composite Leading Indicator | 100 | Jun 2026 | 100 | 104 (Apr 1973) | 96.00 (Oct 1974) |
| Consumer Confidence | -11.00 | Aug 2026 | -16.00 | 28.00 (Jan 2005) | -36.00 (Nov 1990) |
| Age-dependency ratio | 55.7% | Dec 2025 | 55.2% | 63.2% (Dec 1961) | 48.1% (Dec 2008) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.48 births per woman | Dec 2024 | 1.50 births per woman | 3.54 births per woman (Dec 1961) | 1.48 births per woman (Dec 2024) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 83.05 years | Dec 2024 | 83.05 years | 83.30 years (Dec 2021) | 70.82 years (Dec 1960) |
| Total population | 27.6M | Dec 2025 | 27.2M | 27.6M (Dec 2025) | 10.3M (Dec 1960) |
| Working-age population | 17.7M | Dec 2025 | 17.5M | 17.7M (Dec 2025) | 6.3M (Dec 1960) |
| Current account % GDP | -2.7% | Dec 2025 | -2.3% | 2.4% (Dec 2021) | -7.6% (Dec 2007) |
| Current Account Goods | $4.8B | Mar 2026 | $6.7B | $37.1B (Jun 2022) | $-8.1B (Dec 2007) |
| Current Account Services | $-3.0B | Mar 2026 | $-5.7B | $1.6B (Mar 2021) | $-8.6B (Sep 2022) |
| FDI inflows | $36.5B | Dec 2025 | $53.7B | $68.7B (Dec 2022) | $-25.1B (Dec 2005) |
| Gold Reserves | $10.3B | Jul 2026 | $10.3B | $13.4B (Feb 2026) | $660.6M (Mar 2001) |
| Personal remittances, received | $2.0B | Dec 2025 | $1.8B | $2.5B (Dec 1991) | $176.0M (Dec 1971) |
| Tourism Revenues | $15.7B | Mar 2026 | $14.5B | $15.7B (Mar 2026) | $822.5M (Sep 1989) |
| CO2 emissions | 383 Mt CO₂ | Dec 2024 | 377 Mt CO₂ | 415 Mt CO₂ (Dec 2010) | 161 Mt CO₂ (Dec 1970) |
| Energy use per capita | 4,751 kg oil eq. per capita | Dec 2024 | 4,928 kg oil eq. per capita | 5,951 kg oil eq. per capita (Dec 2008) | 4,751 kg oil eq. per capita (Dec 2024) |
| Budget balance % GDP | -2.8% | Dec 2025 | -2.3% | 1.8% (Dec 2006) | -8.7% (Dec 2020) |
| Government debt % GDP | 51.0% | Dec 2025 | 50.6% | 56.9% (Dec 2020) | 9.6% (Dec 2007) |
| Military expenditure | 1.9% | Dec 2024 | 1.9% | 3.8% (Dec 1968) | 1.6% (Dec 2013) |
| Military expenditure, current USD | $33.8B | Dec 2024 | $32.4B | $33.8B (Dec 2024) | $459.8M (Dec 1960) |
| Government Spending to GDP | 39.5% | Dec 2025 | 38.7% | 44.3% (Dec 2020) | 29.6% (Dec 1989) |
| Tax revenue % GDP | 23.6% | Dec 2022 | 23.0% | 24.8% (Dec 2001) | 17.0% (Dec 1973) |
| Policy / benchmark interest rate | 4.3% | Jul 2026 | 4.3% | 42.5% (Jun 1980) | 0.1% (Apr 2022) |
| Unemployment rate | 4.5% | Jul 2026 | 4.4% | 11.2% (Dec 1992) | 3.4% (Oct 2022) |
| Private credit / GDP | 133.8% | Dec 2025 | 129.3% | 142.1% (Dec 2016) | 17.6% (Dec 1961) |
| Official / period-average FX vs USD | 1.44 per USD | Jul 2026 | 1.42 per USD | 2.00 per USD (Apr 2001) | 0.67 per USD (Jun 1974) |
| Foreign-exchange reserves (ex-gold) | $75.0B | Jul 2026 | $70.4B | $75.4B (Feb 2026) | $13.4B (May 2000) |
| Money supply M2 | 3.77T LCU | Mar 2026 | 3.73T LCU | 3.77T LCU (Mar 2026) | 0.48T LCU (Mar 2002) |
| GDP, current prices, USD | $1.80T | Dec 2025 | $1.76T | $1.80T (Dec 2025) | $18.6B (Dec 1960) |
| Full-Year GDP Growth | 2.0% | Dec 2025 | 1.0% | 6.3% (Dec 1984) | -2.0% (Dec 2020) |
| GDP per capita, PPP | Int$71,934 | Dec 2025 | Int$72,118 | Int$72,273 (Dec 2023) | Int$17,385 (Dec 1990) |
| GDP per capita, current USD | $65,130 | Dec 2025 | $64,610 | $68,477 (Dec 2013) | $1,813 (Dec 1960) |
| GDP, PPP, international $ | Int$1.99T | Dec 2025 | Int$1.96T | Int$1.99T (Dec 2025) | Int$296.7B (Dec 1990) |
| Real GDP growth, YoY | 2.1% | Jun 2026 | 2.5% | 10.2% (Jun 2021) | -5.8% (Jun 2020) |
| Inflation rate, CPI YoY | 3.5% | Jul 2026 | 3.8% | 4.6% (Mar 2026) | 1.9% (Jun 2025) |
| Health expenditure % GDP | 10.4% | Dec 2023 | 9.9% | 10.7% (Dec 2020) | 7.6% (Dec 2000) |
| ICT goods exports, % of goods exports | 1.0% | Dec 2024 | 0.8% | 2.8% (Dec 2000) | 0.7% (Dec 2022) |
| ICT service exports, % of service exports | 3.4% | Dec 2025 | 3.0% | 6.4% (Dec 1999) | 3.0% (Dec 2024) |
| Industrial production YoY | 0.4% | Jun 2026 | 2.6% | 13.6% (Dec 1987) | -8.0% (Mar 1983) |
| High-technology exports, % of manufactured exports | 25.2% | Dec 2024 | 25.3% | 25.8% (Dec 2022) | 14.5% (Dec 2007) |

## Full detail pages

- [Composite Leading Indicator](/australia/composite-leading-indicator.md)
- [Consumer Confidence](/australia/consumer-confidence.md)
- [Age Dependency Ratio](/australia/age-dependency-ratio.md)
- [Fertility Rate](/australia/total-fertility-rate.md)
- [Life Expectancy](/australia/life-expectancy-at-birth.md)
- [Population](/australia/population.md)
- [Working-Age Population](/australia/working-age-population.md)
- [Current Account to GDP](/australia/current-account-pct-gdp.md)
- [Current Account Goods](/australia/current-account-goods.md)
- [Current Account Services](/australia/current-account-services.md)
- [FDI Inflows](/australia/fdi-inflows.md)
- [Gold Reserves](/australia/gold-reserves.md)
- [Remittances](/australia/personal-remittances-received.md)
- [Tourism Revenues](/australia/tourism-revenues.md)
- [CO2 Emissions](/australia/co2-emissions.md)
- [Energy Use per Capita](/australia/energy-use-per-capita.md)
- [Government Budget](/australia/budget-balance-pct-gdp.md)
- [Government Debt to GDP](/australia/government-debt-to-gdp.md)
- [Military Expenditure](/australia/military-expenditure.md)
- [Military Expenditure (USD)](/australia/military-expenditure-usd.md)
- [Government Spending to GDP](/australia/government-spending-to-gdp.md)
- [Tax Revenue to GDP](/australia/tax-revenue-pct-gdp.md)
- [Interest Rate](/australia/interest-rate.md)
- [Unemployment Rate](/australia/unemployment-rate.md)
- [Private Credit to GDP](/australia/private-credit-gdp.md)
- [Exchange Rate](/australia/exchange-rate.md)
- [Foreign Exchange Reserves](/australia/foreign-exchange-reserves.md)
- [Money supply M2](/australia/money-supply.md)
- [GDP](/australia/gdp.md)
- [Full-Year GDP Growth](/australia/full-year-gdp-growth.md)
- [GDP per Capita PPP](/australia/gdp-per-capita-ppp.md)
- [GDP per Capita](/australia/gdp-per-capita-current-usd.md)
- [GDP PPP](/australia/gdp-ppp-international.md)
- [GDP Growth Rate](/australia/gdp-growth-rate.md)
- [Inflation Rate](/australia/inflation-rate.md)
- [Health Expenditure](/australia/health-expenditure-pct-gdp.md)
- [ICT Goods Exports](/australia/ict-goods-exports-share.md)
- [ICT Service Exports](/australia/ict-service-exports-share.md)
- [Industrial Production](/australia/industrial-production-yoy.md)
- [High-Tech Exports](/australia/high-tech-exports-share.md)

## FAQ

**What is the current inflation rate in Australia?**

Australia's consumer price inflation is 3.5% year-on-year as of Jul 2026.

**How big is Australia's economy?**

Australia's nominal GDP was $1.80T in 2025.

**What is the unemployment rate in Australia?**

Australia's unemployment rate is 4.5% as of Jul 2026.

**Where does this data come from?**

We use primary economic sources for every country. See our methodology page for how we source and verify it.

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Full history via API: `GET https://api.economicsapi.com/v1/history?country=australia&indicator={indicator}`. Same data as an MCP tool, one per indicator.