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# Thailand Economy

> Thailand economic indicators: GDP $577.0B, inflation 2.4%, unemployment 1.0%, policy rate 1.0%. 41 official series with history to 1957,… Updated Aug 2026.

## Indicators

| Indicator | Last | Date | Previous | Highest | Lowest |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Age-dependency ratio | 43.7% | Dec 2025 | 43.1% | 93.0% (Dec 1966) | 39.5% (Dec 2013) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.20 births per woman | Dec 2024 | 1.21 births per woman | 6.34 births per woman (Dec 1963) | 1.20 births per woman (Dec 2024) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.56 years | Dec 2024 | 76.41 years | 77.61 years (Dec 2021) | 50.61 years (Dec 1960) |
| Total population | 71.6M | Dec 2025 | 71.7M | 71.7M (Dec 2022) | 26.9M (Dec 1960) |
| Working-age population | 49.8M | Dec 2025 | 50.1M | 50.9M (Dec 2018) | 14.2M (Dec 1960) |
| Current account % GDP | 2.8% | Dec 2025 | 2.2% | 12.5% (Dec 1998) | -8.5% (Dec 1990) |
| Current Account Goods | $-303.1M | Mar 2026 | $1.9B | $14.1B (Sep 2020) | $-3.2B (Mar 2013) |
| Current Account Services | $1.8B | Mar 2026 | $-710.5M | $9.4B (Mar 2018) | $-8.8B (Sep 2021) |
| External Debt | $191.8B | Dec 2024 | $194.7B | $201.1B (Dec 2022) | $1.0B (Dec 1970) |
| FDI inflows | $18.8B | Dec 2025 | $14.3B | $18.8B (Dec 2025) | $-4.3B (Dec 2020) |
| Personal remittances, received | $12.1B | Dec 2025 | $9.5B | $12.1B (Dec 2025) | $18.5M (Dec 1975) |
| Tourism Revenues | $15.3B | Mar 2026 | $11.9B | $16.8B (Dec 2019) | $44.9M (Jun 1977) |
| CO2 emissions | 284 Mt CO₂ | Dec 2024 | 275 Mt CO₂ | 286 Mt CO₂ (Dec 2019) | 20.16 Mt CO₂ (Dec 1970) |
| Energy use per capita | 1,851 kg oil eq. per capita | Dec 2023 | 1,867 kg oil eq. per capita | 1,990 kg oil eq. per capita (Dec 2019) | 774 kg oil eq. per capita (Dec 1990) |
| Budget balance % GDP | -1.9% | Dec 2025 | -1.3% | 3.1% (Dec 1995) | -9.0% (Dec 1999) |
| Government debt % GDP | 64.7% | Dec 2025 | 62.9% | 64.7% (Dec 2025) | 15.2% (Dec 1996) |
| Military expenditure | 1.1% | Dec 2024 | 1.1% | 4.4% (Dec 1979) | 1.0% (Dec 2006) |
| Military expenditure, current USD | $5.5B | Dec 2024 | $5.7B | $7.3B (Dec 2020) | $58.7M (Dec 1961) |
| Government Spending to GDP | 23.0% | Dec 2025 | 22.6% | 26.8% (Dec 2021) | 17.2% (Dec 1995) |
| Tax revenue % GDP | 15.2% | Dec 2024 | 15.5% | 17.7% (Dec 2013) | 10.2% (Dec 1973) |
| Policy / benchmark interest rate | 1.0% | Jul 2026 | 1.0% | 5.0% (Dec 2006) | 0.5% (Jul 2022) |
| Unemployment rate | 1.0% | May 2026 | 0.9% | 5.7% (Jan 2001) | 0.4% (Nov 2012) |
| Private credit / GDP | 143.1% | Dec 2025 | 146.3% | 164.1% (Dec 2021) | 105.8% (Dec 2008) |
| Official / period-average FX vs USD | 33.01 per USD | Aug 2026 | 33.49 per USD | 53.81 per USD (Jan 1998) | 20.20 per USD (Oct 1978) |
| Foreign-exchange reserves (ex-gold) | $279.2B | Jun 2026 | $287.5B | $293.9B (Feb 2026) | $31.6B (Jun 2001) |
| Money supply M2 | 26.65T LCU | May 2025 | 26.61T LCU | 26.65T LCU (Mar 2025) | 6.48T LCU (Sep 2002) |
| GDP, current prices, USD | $577.0B | Dec 2025 | $529.4B | $577.0B (Dec 2025) | $2.8B (Dec 1960) |
| Full-Year GDP Growth | 2.4% | Dec 2025 | 2.9% | 13.3% (Dec 1988) | -7.6% (Dec 1998) |
| GDP per capita, PPP | Int$26,250 | Dec 2025 | Int$24,909 | Int$26,250 (Dec 2025) | Int$4,451 (Dec 1990) |
| GDP per capita, current USD | $8,057 | Dec 2025 | $7,387 | $8,057 (Dec 2025) | $103 (Dec 1960) |
| GDP, PPP, international $ | Int$1.88T | Dec 2025 | Int$1.79T | Int$1.88T (Dec 2025) | Int$243.6B (Dec 1990) |
| Real GDP growth, YoY | 1.9% | Jun 2026 | 2.8% | 15.3% (Dec 2012) | -12.1% (Jun 2020) |
| Inflation rate, CPI YoY | 2.4% | Jun 2026 | 2.8% | 7.9% (Aug 2022) | -3.4% (May 2020) |
| PPI / producer prices YoY | 4.8% | Jun 2026 | 6.0% | 35.3% (Mar 1974) | -13.0% (Jul 2009) |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 | 2.39 per 1,000 people | Dec 2023 | 2.39 per 1,000 people | 2.39 per 1,000 people (Dec 2023) | 0.74 per 1,000 people (Dec 1960) |
| Health expenditure % GDP | 4.5% | Dec 2023 | 5.4% | 5.4% (Dec 2022) | 3.0% (Dec 2001) |
| ICT goods exports, % of goods exports | 16.9% | Dec 2024 | 15.0% | 28.0% (Dec 2000) | 14.4% (Dec 2019) |
| ICT service exports, % of service exports | 0.6% | Dec 2025 | 0.7% | 1.8% (Dec 1994) | 0.6% (Dec 2025) |
| Industrial production YoY | 0.4% | Dec 2025 | -0.3% | 17.9% (Dec 1988) | -11.2% (Dec 1993) |
| Research & development expenditure % GDP | 0.9% | Dec 2023 | 1.2% | 1.3% (Dec 2020) | 0.1% (Dec 1997) |
| High-technology exports, % of manufactured exports | 28.3% | Dec 2024 | 26.1% | 28.3% (Dec 2024) | 22.1% (Dec 2013) |

## Full detail pages

- [Age Dependency Ratio](/thailand/age-dependency-ratio.md)
- [Fertility Rate](/thailand/total-fertility-rate.md)
- [Life Expectancy](/thailand/life-expectancy-at-birth.md)
- [Population](/thailand/population.md)
- [Working-Age Population](/thailand/working-age-population.md)
- [Current Account to GDP](/thailand/current-account-pct-gdp.md)
- [Current Account Goods](/thailand/current-account-goods.md)
- [Current Account Services](/thailand/current-account-services.md)
- [External Debt](/thailand/external-debt.md)
- [FDI Inflows](/thailand/fdi-inflows.md)
- [Remittances](/thailand/personal-remittances-received.md)
- [Tourism Revenues](/thailand/tourism-revenues.md)
- [CO2 Emissions](/thailand/co2-emissions.md)
- [Energy Use per Capita](/thailand/energy-use-per-capita.md)
- [Government Budget](/thailand/budget-balance-pct-gdp.md)
- [Government Debt to GDP](/thailand/government-debt-to-gdp.md)
- [Military Expenditure](/thailand/military-expenditure.md)
- [Military Expenditure (USD)](/thailand/military-expenditure-usd.md)
- [Government Spending to GDP](/thailand/government-spending-to-gdp.md)
- [Tax Revenue to GDP](/thailand/tax-revenue-pct-gdp.md)
- [Interest Rate](/thailand/interest-rate.md)
- [Unemployment Rate](/thailand/unemployment-rate.md)
- [Private Credit to GDP](/thailand/private-credit-gdp.md)
- [Exchange Rate](/thailand/exchange-rate.md)
- [Foreign Exchange Reserves](/thailand/foreign-exchange-reserves.md)
- [Money supply M2](/thailand/money-supply.md)
- [GDP](/thailand/gdp.md)
- [Full-Year GDP Growth](/thailand/full-year-gdp-growth.md)
- [GDP per Capita PPP](/thailand/gdp-per-capita-ppp.md)
- [GDP per Capita](/thailand/gdp-per-capita-current-usd.md)
- [GDP PPP](/thailand/gdp-ppp-international.md)
- [GDP Growth Rate](/thailand/gdp-growth-rate.md)
- [Inflation Rate](/thailand/inflation-rate.md)
- [Producer Price Inflation](/thailand/producer-price-inflation.md)
- [Hospital Beds](/thailand/hospital-beds-per-1-000.md)
- [Health Expenditure](/thailand/health-expenditure-pct-gdp.md)
- [ICT Goods Exports](/thailand/ict-goods-exports-share.md)
- [ICT Service Exports](/thailand/ict-service-exports-share.md)
- [Industrial Production](/thailand/industrial-production-yoy.md)
- [R&D Expenditure](/thailand/rd-expenditure-pct-gdp.md)
- [High-Tech Exports](/thailand/high-tech-exports-share.md)

## FAQ

**What is the current inflation rate in Thailand?**

Thailand's consumer price inflation is 2.4% year-on-year as of Jun 2026.

**How big is Thailand's economy?**

Thailand's nominal GDP was $577.0B in 2025.

**What is the unemployment rate in Thailand?**

Thailand's unemployment rate is 1.0% as of May 2026.

**Where does this data come from?**

We use primary economic sources for every country. See our methodology page for how we source and verify it.

---
Full history via API: `GET https://api.economicsapi.com/v1/history?country=thailand&indicator={indicator}`. Same data as an MCP tool, one per indicator.