United States R&D Expenditure
3.4%▼ −0.04 pt
Dec 2023 · Annual
United States research and development expenditure stood at 3.45% of GDP in 2023, down from 3.49% in 2022. The reading remained below the all-time high of 3.49% set the previous year and above the series low of 2.45% recorded in 1996. Annual data span 1996 through 2023.
| Actual | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Dates | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.4% | 3.5% | 3.5%Dec 2022 | 2.5%Dec 1996 | 1996 – 2023 | Annual |
Related indicators
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Last updated | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICT Goods Exports | 9.1% | 7.8% | 19.8% | 7.8% | Dec 2024 | Annual |
| High-Tech Exports | 24.3% | 21.8% | 29.9% | 18.5% | Dec 2024 | Annual |
About this series
R&D Expenditure in United States averaged 2.8% from 1996 until 2023, reaching an all-time high of 3.5% in Dec 2022 and a record low of 2.5% in Dec 1996. The series is reported yearly with history from 1996.
Research and development expenditure as a percentage of GDP measures total public and private spending on creative, systematic activity to increase knowledge, including basic research, applied research and experimental development. The series is expressed as a share of GDP, reported annually for the United States, and covers the period from 1996 to 2023.
Source & methodology
We use primary economic sources for every country. See our methodology page for how we source and verify this data.
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